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Salk, et al. v. The Regents of the University of California
Harrington v. Hovanec
Peck v. Thompson
Pereira v. Gleason (2008) Calaveras
County
ANIMAL RESEARCH
Salk, et al. v. The Regents of the University of California
Evans & Page is co-counseling with the Physicians
Committee for Responsible Medicine in a suit brought by California taxpayers
and physicians against The Regents of the University of California
(The Regents) based on research conducted at the University of
California San Francisco (UCSF). The complaint sought declaratory
and injunctive relief. Standing in the case was premised upon
California’s Code of Civil Procedure section 526a.
For several years government inspectors have documented serious
violations of the Animal Welfare Act at UCSF. In 2004, the USDA
filed a complaint against UCSF before the Secretary of Agriculture
alleging 75 violations of the Animal Welfare Act. In 2005, UCSF
was fined $92,500, reportedly the fourth-largest settlement amount
ever paid for violations of this nature. Under California law,
taxpayers are entitled to sue if state resources are funding
illegal activities and being used to pay the resulting fines.
The lawsuit seeks equitable relief from the court to ensure that
UCSF follows the Animal Welfare Act.
“UCSF has broken the law in its mistreatment of dogs,
monkeys, and other animals used in experiments,” says Dan
Kinburn, general counsel for PCRM. “We are asking the court
to halt these unlawful experiments and to appoint an independent
monitor to ensure that any future research is in compliance with
the Animal Welfare Act.”
The San Francisco Superior Court sustained
The Regents’ demurrer
and dismissed our complaint. We appealed the decision, and in
2008 the First Appellate District upheld the lower court’s
dismissal. (Appellate Opinion.) In 2009, the Supreme Court of
California denied our Petition for Review with one judge dissenting
and recommending that review be granted.
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Anti-SLAPP
Harrington v. Hovanec
In May 2004, David Hovanec shot Colleen Harrington’s dog
13 times using two different guns — .40 and .44 caliber
pistols. In late 2004, Mr. Hovanec plead no contest to two counts
of misdemeanor animal cruelty and was convicted and sentenced
in February 2005. Mr. Hovanec was ordered to pay fines, restitution
to Ms. Harrington, 480 hours of community service, and 52 weeks
of anger management. Ms. Harrington retained Evans & Page
to file a civil action against Mr. Hovanec, and in February 2005
a complaint was filed in Placer County Superior Court. In March
2005, Mr. Hovanec filed a cross-complaint seeking damages against
Ms. Harrington based on her alleged conduct in posting information
on the internet about Mr. Hovanec, the shooting incident, and
Mr. Hovanec’s phone number and address.
Evans & Page filed an anti-SLAPP motion in response to Mr.
Hovanec’s cross-complaint and the superior court granted
the motion, dismissing the cross-complaint and awarding Evans & Page
attorney’s fees. In granting the anti-SLAPP motion, the
trial court reasoned that (1) the message posted on the internet – the
publication referred to in the cross-complaint – was made
in furtherance of Ms. Harrington’s right of free speech,
and (2) Mr. Hovanec had not shown a probability he would prevail
on his claims. The court concluded that the publication of Mr.
Hovanec’s address and phone number did not rise to the
level of a threat which would serve as a basis for the causes
of actions alleged in the cross-complaint.
Shortly thereafter, Ms. Harrington’s complaint went to
trial and on the first day of trial the parties settled the case.
Mr. Hovanec appealed the granting of the anti-SLAPP motion to
the Third District Court of Appeal. The Appellate Court upheld
the lower court’s ruling on the anti-SLAPP motion. (Appellate
Opinion.)
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JURY TRIALS
Peck v. Thompson (2008) San Francisco Superior
Court
Evans & Page represented an animal protection
activist (referred to as Plaintiff herein) that was injured
when trying to help an at-large dog that appeared to be starving
and homeless. The
Plaintiff saw a German Shepherd dog eating from a garbage can
in her neighborhood. She attempted to find out who owned the
dog, but was unable to lure the dog close enough, so she returned
to her house to get dog treats and a leash. After an extensive
chase, wherein the dog crossed many busy streets, the Plaintiff
found the dog again in front of a house. She gave the dog
a treat, and discovered from reading the dog’s tag that
it was sitting in front of its owner’s house.
A housekeeper
came out of the house (referred to as Defendant 1 herein) an
attempted to retrieve the dog, but when she did so, the Plaintiff
observed signs of fear in the dog, and thinking that this was
because of animal abuse, refused to hand the dog over, stating
that she would only give it to the owner. The Plaintiff had been
an animal keeper at the San Francisco Zoo for many years and
was well aware of animal behavior. Defendant 1 grabbed
the collar in an attempt to use physical force to get the dog
inside. The Plaintiff asked Defendant 1 if she owned the dog
and Defendant 1 admitted that she did not. The Plaintiff
requested that Defendant1 call the police to resolve the issue. Finally,
the Plaintiff told Defendant 1 that she would take the dog to
the local shelter and that the owner could claim the dog there. Defendant
1 continued to yank on the dog’s collar, at times lifting
the dog off the ground by its collar. The Plaintiff held
onto the collar. Finally, Defendant 1 twisted the collar
while the Plaintiff’s fingers were inside the collar. While
twisting the collar, Defendant 1 gave the Plaintiff a wry smile. At
that moment, the Plaintiff’s fingers “popped” while
the collar twisted with the fingers caught therein. The
result was multiple surgeries to Plaintiff’s hand and a
permanent disfigurement wherein Plaintiff’s finger would
never remain straight or have normal functionality.
Along with
the lay witnesses and parties to the incident, Evans & Page
called two expert medical witnesses to discuss the surgeries,
physical therapy and future loss of functionality. The
defense called an expert animal behaviorist.
The jury deliberated for one day and returned
a Plaintiff’s verdict, but reduced the amount due to comparative
fault. Plaintiff also recovered all of her costs, including expert
witness fees due to an unaccepted California Code of Civil Procedure
section 998 offer.
The case addressed novel legal questions, including
what rights do good Samaritan finders of dogs have against a
non-owner third party. No California case had ever addressed
this issue. Evans & Page
were successful in getting the judge to instruct the jury as
follows: An owner or an employee of an owner may not
use unreasonable force to recover property from a person who
has lawfully taken possession of the property even if the person
wrongfully refuses to return it.
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Pereira v. Gleason (2008)
Calaveras County
In a five day jury trial, Evans & Page represented a person
whose dog was hit by a speeding vehicle. Evans & Page
was successful in securing a Plaintiff’s verdict; however
the jury found comparative fault on the part of the Plaintiff. The
case required extensive expert testimony, including a veterinarian,
and a vehicle speed expert that analyzed skid marks from the
scene of the accident and was able to deduce the speed of the
vehicle before the driver depressed the brakes.
The defendant driver (referred to as
Defendant herein) was driving his Ford Mustang on a rural road
when it was almost dark outside. Defendant
was speeding and skidded for over 90 feet before coming into
contact with Plaintiff’s dog. The speed limit at
the scene of the impact was 25 m.p.h. Plaintiff’s
speed expert testified that the Mustang was traveling at least
50 MPH immediately before the Defendant hit Plaintiff’s
dog. Plaintiff had to take emergency measures to avoid
being personally hit by Defendant’s car. Plaintiff’s
dog was severely injured.
After all of the witnesses testified,
the court considered jury instructions and Plaintiff was successful
in getting an instruction presented to the jury on punitive
damages based on California Civil Code section 3340. The judge believed that there
was adequate evidence to support a reasonable jury finding the
Defendant liable for punitive damages. However, the jury
ultimately did not award punitive damages, although they did
find in favor of the plaintiff.
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FOOTNOTES
1. CCP § 526a states:
An action to obtain a judgment, restraining and preventing
any illegal expenditure of, waste of, or injury to, the estate,
funds, or other property of a county, town, city or city and
county of the state, may be maintained against any officer
thereof, or any agent, or other person, acting in its behalf,
either by a citizen resident therein, or by a corporation,
who is assessed for and is liable to pay, or, within one year
before the commencement of the action, has paid, a tax therein.
This section does not affect any right of action in favor of
a county, city, town, or city and county, or any public officer;
provided, that no injunction shall be granted restraining the
offering for sale, sale, or issuance of any municipal bonds
for public improvements or public utilities.
An action brought
pursuant to this section to enjoin a public improvement
project shall take special precedence over all civil matters
on the calendar of the court except those matters to which
equal precedence on the calendar is granted by law.
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